In recent years, real word study gets attention extensively, and has become one of the important evidence sources affecting clinical practice. There is a huge amount of hernia operations and a large number of real world data in China. Furthermore, with the official launch of Chinese Hernia College Registry and Follow-up System in 2017, a solid foundation for the real world study has been established. This review introduces basic concepts, study designs and statistical analysis methods of real world study. The application value and practical instructions in hernia and abdominal wall surgery is explored,to provide reference for surgeons to understand and conduct real world study correctly.
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